Riding Tips FAQ

Compiled and edited by Kristian #562
Updated by jake #1758, 18 May 2005
Please read the Disclaimer before attempting any work in this FAQ.
Last Updated: 21 Feb 2007, by Winter #1935

There is no such thing as bad weather, only the wrong clothes - Billy Connolly.

Luck & Experience: You start with a bag full of luck and an empty bag of experience.
The trick is to fill the bag of experience before you empty the bag of luck.

Pilots have a saying that works just as well for motorcyclists:
A superior pilot uses his superior judgement to avoid having to use his superior skills.

For other things related to riding:


Introduction

There are plenty opinions about how to ride your bike. This FAQ contains plenty of those hints and tips. Many riders often ask about how they can improve their riding. The most important investment you can make as a motorcycle rider is in a training course. There are courses on all sorts of things available, and in some countries you are required to complete a basic riders course before you are licensed to ride your bike. These courses are a long term investment in your safety - even if you have been riding for many decades, you can still learn from a course.


Section 1: Before You Start / When You Stop

Pre-Ride Checks

BradG 1002, N,CA '01GS

When I was commuting daily I did basically the same thing on my way out of the garage. These days I don't commute so I spend time after each ride going over the bike and focusing on all the usual suspects on these bikes. That way all I have to check when I fire up is that the tires haven't gone flat and the low fuel light isn't on.

Besides the obvious (oil, water, tires, lights) I now check these things between rides:

  1. Front and rear brake rotor bolts
  2. Rear sprocket bolts
  3. Front sprocket counter shaft nut
  4. Battery terminals* (mostly if I have a long ride coming up)
  5. Front and rear axle hardware
  6. Rear tail light attachment* (after seeing one fall off a bike a while back)
  7. Water pump weep hole and oil quality
  8. I also randomly inspect nuts and bolts when drying the bike after a wash

* - these are newly added after experiences I'd prefer not to see repeated.

Holding the Clutch at a Stop

Should I stay in gear or go into neutral when I'm at a stoplight? Neutral is recommened for automobiles to increase clutch life, but does it apply to motorcycles?

Kill Switch vs. Ignition

Accidents & Avoiding Them

by Davidhpark, #711

Most accidents statistically occur as they say in the business 5/5/5.

1. First five minutes of riding

You're not yet in the frame of mind of riding, you're slower to think and react (SIPDE) and you're likely close to surroundings (home/office) that make you 'comfortable' reducing your awareness factor.

2. Within five miles of home or destination

An expansion of #1. When you ride near your home and are "getting there" you reduce your awareness factor and start to think about what you need to do once you are home. But... you are not home just yet. Safe riding stops when you are in the driveway with the ignition switched off.

3. First 5 months of being a new rider or a rider on a new machine

When you don't know either (a) how to ride safely/well you're in the danger zone and even if you do when riding a different/new bike you're not familiar with how it reacts under panic or even normal situations. You make assumptions as to its performance which may be contrary to your own safety.

As far as clothing goes, sure some people may assume that they are just "running" around the block or somewhere close but that IMHO isn't any reason not to gear up (at least somewhat). I have all of my stuff arranged in the garage like Q would for Bond. I choose what I want to ride and the gear that I want based on my feelings and needs. Leaving with anything less than I should (given sometimes the obvious choice of less than ideal jeans instead of real pants) would be against my better judgement.

See also: Manuals & Books FAQ

Feedback:

The Art of Falling

by Werner

It is not natural for a bike to stand upright on its two rubbers, unless it is propped up by a third leg, or by speed and an operator. It is natural for a bike to lie horizontally on the ground, either at speed or at rest. We don't like the latter, but at times we have no choice. If and when that time arrives, it's good to be prepared, for we want to be able to walk away, or preferably, to ride away.


Falling, like counter-steering, can be learned, and should be practiced continuously. Wrestlers learn how to fall, judokis learn how to fall, hence bikers should also learn how to fall, lest they are living in a fool's paradise. Being the proverbial fall-guy myself, this is what I suggest:


(1) When falling is imminent, I hold onto the handlebars come h*ll or high water, and squeeze my legs around the bike, for I believe that I will be safest when staying with the bike. Once motion stops, before the dust settles, I can flip the kill switch, shut off the fuel valve, and can try to get the bugger upright as fast as possible, before doing a body check on myself. This I practice whenever possible.


(2) Bike preparation: My Jesse bags (2 mm aluminum and sturdy carriers) protect my legs during a fall, so does my BMW crash bar. These two items make me believe that I'll be saver hanging on to the bike than letting go and doing a cross-country slide. Another trick I have learned is, never tighten the hand grips on the handle bars. They should be only loosely attached and be able to give during a fall. Then you can just turn them back to normal without having to worry about broken mirrors, or broken brake/clutch levers.


(3) It is imperative that you upright the bike immediately. As soon as it lies on the ground the battery will drain through its overflow hole, and after a few falls you will no longer have any electrolyte in the cells, and no power. I learned this the hard way. In Africa I thought that the battery was losing an inordinate amount of water, and kept filling it up with distilled water. I should have topped it up with battery acid instead. Batteries don't function with water alone. Live and learn, or get a dry-cell battery.

How do I lift a Dropped Bike?

Andy #982, 07-Dec-01

Raising the Bike onto its Centerstand

I'm an owner of a 2002 F650GS and a 2003 Honda VFR800 and notice that I couldnt raise the bikes to their centerstand w/o someone assisting me. I'm a bit short, 5'5" tall (166cm) , and w/ average strength. Is there a special way or style to raise the stand? I usually use my right foot to step on the stand and use my body to lift the bike but I find it a bit difficult. Although w/ my scoot, an Italjet Dragster, I dont have any problems esp since its very light.

Riding Comfort

Wind Chill

Using this site, http://www.srh.noaa.gov/elp/wxcalc/windchill.html, I got the following: If it is 27 degress F outside, and I am riding 75mph, the calculator says it feels like it is 4 degrees F. I was happy with that until I tried another one... http://www-wwrc.uwyo.edu/wrds/wsc/reference/chill.html Same stuff, but this one says -10 degrees F. This one, http://javascript.internet.com/calculators/wind-chill.html, also says -10. But then this one, http://observe.arc.nasa.gov/nasa/earth/wind_chill/chill_wcscript.html, says 4.

So I did some research... and found this page explaining it: http://www.weather.gov/om/windchill/index.shtml They redid it... and provided the following explanation: The current formula uses advances in science, technology, and computer modeling to provide a more accurate, understandable, and useful formula for calculating the dangers from winter winds and freezing temperatures. So now I am confused. And does simply using a wind chill calculator even make sense when trying to figure out how cold it is when riding? billmallin #1629

Refueling


Section 2: Specific Riding Skills

Riding in a Crosswind

by Flash#412, May '01

There seems to be some general confusion and disagreement about how to ride in crosswinds: go faster, go slower, hold tighter, be looser.

Years ago, I found THE ANSWER. It worked for me when I had an R75/5 with a full Avon fairing and Enduro bags, with a backpack strapped upright to the short sissy bar, with a passenger. (Maximum crosswind profile.) And it worked for me when I had a nekkid R80G/S, solo. (Minimum crosswind profile.) I have posted it occasionally on rec.motorcycles and gotten many favorable responses. Though, some folks, with some bikes, claim it doesn't work. YMMV. (It works on an F650, too.)

When riding in a crosswind, particularly a gusting one, all you need to do is stick your knee on the upwind side out as far as you can. The drawback is that if it is cold or rainy, you tend to scoop all the weather into your crotch. The reason it works, I *think*, is that with your knee out, you are putting your bike aerodynamically off-center and must compensate to get it to go straight. Now, when a gust comes along, your knee scoops up a bunch of the breeze, pulling you INTO the wind at the same time the wind is pushing the bike away. In any case, the effect of the gust is reduced by 90% or so.

Try it. It's free. If you don't like it, or it doesn't work, stop doing it. (Disclaimer: The suggestion assumes you are a licensed motorcyclist with enough sense not to fall off. If you try this and fall off, it is your own damn fault.)

"A really good imagination is almost as good as... hmmm I dunno."- E.Foote
David Braun - Flash@DeathStar.org - F650-412 - DoD # 412 - BMWMOA #18854 - VBMW #540

We got this from http://www.deathstar.org/~flash

Crosswind Feedback:

The F650 Off-Road - Riding Tips

Riding in Sand

David H. Park #711

See www.dhpmoto.com/jimmylewis for details.

Riding in Rain

Riding Tips - General

Performance vs. Longevity

by Ramey "Coach" Stroud, Cascade Endurance Center, Lyons, Oregon

Performance vs. longevity... sort of sounds like the Zen of motorcycles!

Flash #412's take on Performance vs. Longevity

Riding Twisties

Bill No.391 Las Vegas

Subject: Twisties

The October issue of the Chicago Region News---published by the Chicago Region BMW Owners Association, has a useful article that many of us can profit from.
Its exact title is: Flatlander's Ride Guide for Twisties--by Tom Brown.

  1. Panic is our enemy. Don't race. Don't show off. This is real life. You CAN get hurt bad. You can lose your bike, your license and, you know, other stuff. You can hurt others real bad too.

  2. Panic is our enemy. This is a public road with unknown hazards. Don't take corners at a race-track pace. Keep some cornering and braking ability in reserve for surprise situations. Radar, gravel, road kill, hidden driveways...

  3. Panic is our enemy. When turns start to get "blind", spread out and don't stagger. Use the whole lane.

  4. Panic is our enemy. Enter corners on the outside of the lane (where you can see and be seen early and make adjustments in time). Stay outside until you know where the corner ends unless there's good reason not to...bad camber, tar strips, oncoming car etc. Slow your pace if this happens.

  5. Panic is our enemy. Use a lower gear. This is not an economy run. Engine braking is the best way to adjust speed without upsetting the attitude of your bike in a turn. Enter unknown or blind turns at 1/2 to 3/4 of red- line.

  6. Panic is our enemy. If you loose the rider in front of you, just let her/him go. The ride leader will stop and gather the whole group before each turn-off. Just follow the route and you don't have to worry about losing the group. You're not expected to see them every second. We don't mind waiting for you.

  7. Panic is our enemy. If someone is holding you up pass carefully when there's room. Signal, flash lights and wait for the rider ahead to motion you by. Otherwise, back off and enjoy the day. Bear in mind the passee's experience level. No shame in caution. No glory in getting there first.

  8. Panic is our enemy. Leave plenty of distance. Don't fixate on the rider in front of you. Watch the road instead. If she's/he's a good rider, that's what she's/he's doing---watching the road! Try to take a different line from her/him so you can see around her/him better. Don't assume this rider is the "perfect rider." Don't assume you're "safe" following even the perfect rider's line blindly...everyone makes mistakes or encounters surprises and you want to avoid following the leader into a hazard.

  9. Panic is our enemy. Manage your adrenaline level. If you get "scared", slow down...There may be a good reason for it! It could be the setup on your bike is wrong for the road or load or maybe something's coming loose or it could be that oncoming cement mixer in your lane up ahead...listen to your instincts but don't let them take over. Never freeze...when you feel this starting to happen, slow down, let a couple of riders pass you if necessary. Breathe deeply a couple of times and regain your focus. You'll realize how "zoned out" you were. Survival reactions can cause muscles to freeze, eyes to fixate and put you in the ditch! You should be using your brain and not your "nerves."

  10. Panic is our enemy. Manage your hydration level. Drink water at every stop. When you're "in the wind" your fluids leave your body quickly. If you get even mildly dehydrated, your mental ability will suffer...and you'll be prone to panic and bad judgement. Too much sugar will cause low blood sugar fatigue (sugar coma) when your body pumps massive amounts of insulin into your blood. Ask a diabetic. This is especially prevalent 20 to 60 minutes after meals on the road. Eat light or at least be aware of this issue and deal with it when you feel it...again, be present and deal with your circumstances.

  11. Leader: Explain everything to each rider before each ride so there is no question.

River and Creek Crossings

Water In The Engine? (After a creek crossing?)

The following steps were provided by SScratch #1082 (who may just be an expert at this :-P ):

  1. First kill the engine. The starter won't have enough power to bend a rod if the cylinder is full of water but a running motor could do it.
  2. There's no need to turn the bike upside down or to remove the exhaust. If there is a small amount of water in the exhaust, it will blow out once you restart. If it is completely full, remove the oxygen sensor located at the lowest point in the head pipe and let it drain.
  3. The next thing to do is remove the air intake snorkle and filter, then drain and clean out the air box. Use the little sponge that you carry to clean your visor. Squeeze the filter (don't wring it out-it's paper) to get most of the water out then let it dry in the sun while you complete your repairs. If it's really nasty you might have to leave it out until you can replace it.
  4. Remove the spark plug, plug it back into the wire, then ground the base of it on the cylinder. Keep your fingers on the rubber parts. Turn on the key and kill switch and pray all the lights come on, then mash the starter button. Check to see that you still have good spark. Be sure to stand directly in front of the spark plug hole so you feel the full effect of the piston blowing the water out of the cylinder. Crank until it stops blowing water. It will continue to blow the fuel/air mixture after the water is gone so don't get confused and keep cranking until the battery is dead.
  5. It is possible that water/mud has gunked up your starter button and will have to be disassembled and cleaned to restore power.
  6. Put the plug back in and start it up. Put the filter back in after you start it. It might run rough for a while until the filter dries out. Let it idle while you put the rest of it back together, just don't let it overheat. Make sure you don't have mud obstructing the radiator and/or fan. Ride it like you stole it to dry out the filter, exhaust and your boots.

Feedback

Wheelies (aka Naughtiness)

David H. Park, #711, Doug 781
01-Aug-01

All this talk of oil changes and S&M has me feeling naughty. So I'm going to ask a question this motorcycling novice knows will piss off the safety dandies. Bob #752

Wheelies on any (most) bikes are a simple matter of finding the point between throttle input and clutch output. I wheelie my Dakar all the time and my Schalber Rallye wheelies even easier. I have also wheelied the stock GS (which is a piece of cake).

More Wheelie Notes from DHP:

Feedback:

Green Light Trigger?

Long Distance Riding

Steep Downhill Dirt


Section 3: Problems While Riding

High Siding/Low Siding

Flash #412 & Crasher #1011

December '01

High Sided! What does that mean? You don't watch bike racing then!!

When travelling in a STRAIGHT LINE, you experience an unplanned dismount due to an inappropriate panic use of the rear brake.

a) Is your unplanned dismount a "high side" or a "low side"?

Answer to (a) is that it could be either, depending on (b).

b) How would you differentiate between the two?

Answer to (b) is... if you locked your rear brake and the back end came around and you did NOT release the brake, falling off the bike, behind the bike, you would have gone down on the low side, by virtue of the fact that the bike would have been leaning toward the direction from which you came. If just BEFORE this occurred, you released the brake and gained traction for an instant, and the bike suddenly rotated about the axis of the tire's contact point with the road, you'd have gone OVER the bike (high side).

Scraping sidestand

Ok, I've learned to keep my feet level on the footpegs and they don't touch the ground anymore when I turn. But the scraping sidestand irritates me. It's the loop on the sidestand that is doing the scraping. I don't have the sidestand switch disabled, so the scraping happens when riding with the sidestand "up". What does everyone else do?

  1. Just ignore it and keep scraping? -- (might actually be ok, doesn't happen that often for me)

  2. Take the loop off the stand? -- (I think it's useful finding the sidestand for parking)

  3. Bend it? -- (how much? does it break off?)

  4. Raise the clearance? -- (different rear shock? $$$?)

Feedback:

Fish Tails

Rear Wheel Fishtail

Q. Had my bike's rear tire start wobbling uncontrollably at a high speed coming down hill... what's that symptomatic of? Scared the bajeebeeze outta me! Thought the tire was gonna pop off and beat me down the hill. Any quick fix? Safe to ride into the shop? Thanks! Ty

.

Got air? Check the Tyre Pressure. Check the Rear Wheel Bearings. Check the Axle Bolts. Refer also Common Causes of Weaving

Front wheel Fishtail?

Q. A couple of weeks ago, going over Hwy 84 from San Gregorio to Alice's, I noticed a minor shimmy in the front wheel, that felt like a fishtail. There had been some improvements (black asphalt patches) to road surface. These may have been the cause? It was most noticeable there. My front tire was a little low (28 #, rear 33 #) and I had a little extra weight in a carryall bag clamped to the passenger seat, plus extra weight in the top case -- maybe 15-20 #'s each. This past week on Mines Road south of Livermore, with some fresh corn in the carryall bag, I adjust the dampening (black round knob, not the screw down low), and it seemed to be occurring less. No "road improvements" however. I'm wondering whether something in the front end needs some attention. Mileage 17,000. This had been a service loaner that I got it at 12,000 miles. I checked the FAQ and now wonder if wheel bearings might be culprit? Tire pressure this last weekend was 30/34, could that have been a factor? Trailwing tires. Back replaced at 12K, front at 15K. Many thanks! Chris 856

Got air? Check the Tyre Pressure. Check the Front Wheel Bearings. Check the Axle Bolts. Refer also Common Causes of Weaving

What's a Tank Slapper?

Richard #230, Marty #436, Noel, Iceman #975

December '01

Tank slapping refers to the wheel (and attached handlebars) swinging violently from side to side, due to a harmonic reaction to steering input or poor mechanical condition. Steering dampers were developed to prevent this problem (that can get you killed). I had a 1985 R80 that I converted to an R100RS. If the steering bearings got a bit loose and you hit a rock while leaned over, or if you took one hand off of the bars at around 40 mph to reach the reserve tap, it would result in a tank slapper. I thought I was going to die a couple of times. The front wheel left skid marks on the pavement, as the wheel turned at 45 degrees to the direction of travel, while the bike ploughed ahead. Fortunately, I was able to stop the bike without falling over, or getting hit by an oncoming car. I am now anal about steering bearing tension. (I also noted that my R80 rear shock was longer than the later R100RS bikes. I think BMW reduced the rake of the forks by lowering the rear of the bike, when they bolted the RS fairing to the single sided swingarm airheads. This would make the bike more stable.)

Tank slappers are a feedback reaction caused by something causing steering movement to be amplified rather than dampened (think here of a guitar feeding back...the note getting louder instead of dying out naturally). Like a guitar, certain notes (oscillations) tend to feedback better. So tank slappers tend to happen under certain set of conditions that amplify/feedback these oscillations (certain speed, crosswind, rain grooves, etc). Look for things that move that are moving incorrectly (steering head bearing, swingarm bearing, wheel bearing, suspension parts) or things that shouldn't move that are (loose saddlebags, trunk, fairing, cracked/bent frame).

I was following my wife when she went into a tank slapper on a highway-speed country sweeper (old /2 BMW). Not only did the handlebars get ripped out of her hands, but the rear wheel jumped up and down and side-to-side. She rode it to a stop (she said she pretended it was a horse and squeezed the tank with her knees to steer it). Tightened up the steering damper as a temporary fix. Took several years to finally track down the problem as a slightly bent frame, which reduced the trail of the leading link fork to the point of barely being stable. A replacement telescopic fork with more trail finally solved the problem.

A Tank Slapper very unlikely on f650 because of front fork rake angle, much wider than the average sport bike such as an R6 Yamaha which regularly beat up unsuspecting boy racers on a Sunday after noon. Thus the $200 steering damper often seen hanging off race replica hardware. From watching road racing such as the isle of man TT it can be seen that this usually happens when the front end leaves the ground due to a high speed bump. When the front end lands the front wheel may not be tracking straight and begins to fight to regain a straight line. Staying loose on the bars is said to be the best way to regain control. A tight grip on the bars will translate the shaking to your body and on through to the bike its self. For those who don't understand the slapper principle, think of how the shopping trolley wheel. As for Harleys, some are to heavy in the rear which make the front end bounce. membership fees in the mail.

Regarding tank slappers, I'd also make sure EVERYTHING on the chassis is tight. Engine mounts, swingarm, all fasteners. Tires are balanced, wheel bearings not worn out, just to mention a few things. I've never experienced a "high speed wobble" on my GSA, just a slight oscillation if the bars are twitched at speed. Normal, as far as I'm concerned.

Feedback:

What do I do in the event a Tank Slapper happens to me?

Marty #436

December '01

Do:

Don't:

More info on tank slappers

Towing the F650

A quick question about towing the bike (f650 of course) along the road. Of course being in Neutral, other then tire / chain & sprockets, is there any other concerns on towing the bike this way????? liddell


Section 4: Rider to Rider Communication

Hand Signals?

Other Signals for Pairs or Groups


Section 5: Wisdom?

Why Ride? - The Mint

Contributed by Flash #412

From 'The Mint' by 352087 A/c Ross

A book by the late Mr. Ross, better known as T.E. Lawrence, who later lost his life whilst riding a Brough Superior.

"16: The Road

The extravagance in which my surplus emotion expressed itself lay on the road. So long as roads were tarred blue and straight; not hedged; and empty and dry, so long I was rich. Nightly I'd run up from the hanger, upon the last stroke of work, spurring my tired feet to be nimble. The very movement refreshed them, after the day-long restraint of service. In five minutes, my bed would be down, ready for the night: in four more I was in breeches and puttees, pulling on my gauntlets as I walked over to my bike, which lived in a garage-hut, opposite. Its tyres never wanted air, its engine had a habit of starting at second kick: a good habit, for only by frantic plunges upon the starting pedal could my puny weight force the engine over the seven atmospheres of its compression.

Boanerges' first glad roar at being alive again nightly jarred the huts of Cadet College into life. 'There he goes, the noisy @#$%#$,' someone would say enviously in every flight. It is part of an airman's profession to be knowing with engines: and a thoroughbred engine is our undying satisfaction. The camp wore the virtue of my Brough like a flower in its cap. Tonight Tug and Dusty came to the step of our hut to see me off. 'Running down to Smoke, perhaps?' jeered Dusty; hitting at my regular game of London and back for tea on fine Wednesday afternoons.

Boa is a top-gear machine, as sweet in that as most single-cylinders in middle. I chug lordily past the guard-room and through the speed limit at no more than sixteen. Round the bend, past the farm, and the way straightens. Now for it. The engine's final development is fifty-two horsepower. A miracle for this docile strength waits behind one tiny lever for the pleasure of my hand.

Another bend: and I have the honour of one of England's straightest and fastest roads. The burble of my exhaust unwound like a long cord behind me. Soon my speed snapped it, and I heard only the cry of the wind which my battering ram head split and fended aside. The cry rose with my speed to a shriek: while the air's coldness streamed like two jets of iced water into my dissolving eyes. I screwed them to slits, and focused my sight two hundred yards ahead of me on the empty mosaic of the tar's gravelled undulations.

Like arrows the tiny flies pricked my cheeks; and sometimes a heavier body, some house-fly or beetle, would crash into face or lips like a spent bullet. A glance at the speedometer: seventy-eight. Boanerges is warming up. I pull the throttle right open, on the top of the slope, and we swoop flying across the dip, and up-down up-down the switchback beyond: the weighty machine launching itself like a projectile with a whirr of wheels into the air at the take-off of each rise, to land lurchingly with such a snatch of the driving chain as jerks my spine like a rictus.

Once we so fled across the evening light, with the yellow sun on my left, when a huge shadow roared just overhead. A Bristol Fighter, from Whitewash Villas, our neighbour aerodrome, was banking sharply round. I checked speed at an instant to wave: and the slipstream of my impetus snapped my arm and elbow astern, like a raised flail. The pilot pointed down the road towards Lincoln. I sat hard in the saddle, folded back my ears and went away after him, like a dog after a hare. Quickly we drew abreast, as the impulse of his dive to my level exhausted itself.

The next mile of road was rough. I braced my feet into the rests, thrust with my arms, and clenched my knees on the tank till its rubber grips goggled under my thighs. Over the first pot-hole Boanerges screamed in surprise, its mud-guard bottoming with a yawp upon the rear tyre. Through the plunges of the next ten seconds I clung on, wedging my gloved hand in the throttle lever so that no bump should close it and spoil our speed. Then the bicycle wrenched sideways into three long ruts: it swayed dizzily, wagging its tail for thirty awf